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Kyrgyzstan is open to international trade, which accounts for 83% of GDP (World Bank – latest data available). The government's trade policy aims to further integrate the country into the global economy, giving exporters better access to local markets and encouraging product diversification. Kyrgyzstan mainly exports gold (53%), other precious metals (6.5%), vegetables (3.3%), and petroleum oils (2.4%); whereas imports are led by petroleum oils (12 %), medicaments (5.3%), telephones (3.9%), and petroleum gas (1.8% - data Comtrade).
The main trading partners for exports are the United Kingdom (53.1%), Kazakhstan (12.3%), Russia (11.7%), Uzbekistan (8.2%), and Turkey (3.7%). Kyrgyzstan's main import origins are Russia (32.2%), China (21.7%), Kazakhstan (12.8%), Turkey (5.7 %), and Uzbekistan (5.6%). Kyrgyzstan has been a member of the Eurasian Economic Union – which also includes Russia, Armenia, Kazakhstan and Belarus - since August 2015; and a member of the WTO since 1998. The average tariff applied is 2.3% and customs duties are limited to a maximum rate of 10%. The country has eliminated tariffs on raw materials, equipment and certain goods that it cannot produce in sufficient quantity, in order to develop the domestic industry and secure supply for the population. Nevertheless, non-tariff barriers significantly slow down trade.
The Kyrgyz Republic has a structural trade deficit: in 2020, the country exported USD 2 billion worth of goods (same as the previous year), whereas imports contracted by 26%, to USD 3.7 billion. In the same year, the exports of services totalled USD 439 million, against USD 555 million of imports (both indexes were down by more than 50% year-on-year). The overall external balance was negative by 20.3% of GDP (down from 28.9% one year earlier – World Bank). According to preliminary data released by the Kyrgyz Ministry of Economy and Commerce, Kyrgyzstan’s foreign trade turnover reached USD 6.8 billion – 19.5% more than in 2020.
Foreign Trade Indicators | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Imports of Goods (million USD) | 4,495 | 5,292 | 4,989 | 3,688 | 5,570 |
Exports of Goods (million USD) | 1,764 | 1,837 | 1,986 | 2,006 | 1,659 |
Imports of Services (million USD) | 901 | 946 | 1,006 | 555 | 711 |
Exports of Services (million USD) | 816 | 813 | 1,080 | 439 | 522 |
Imports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | 7 | 7 | 6 | -28 | 39 |
Exports of Goods and Services (Annual % Change) | 6 | -3 | 16 | -27 | 25 |
Trade Balance (million USD) | -2,410 | -2,994 | -2,624 | -1,440 | -2,350 |
Foreign Trade (in % of GDP) | 101 | 99 | 99 | 83 | 108 |
Imports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 66 | 67 | 64 | 52 | 69 |
Exports of Goods and Services (in % of GDP) | 34 | 32 | 35 | 31 | 39 |
Source: WTO – World Trade Organisation ; World Bank - Latest available data.
Main Customers (% of Exports) |
2021 |
---|---|
Kazakhstan | 25.5% |
Russia | 22.9% |
United Kingdom | 13.9% |
Uzbekistan | 10.7% |
Türkiye | 5.3% |
China | 3.8% |
Switzerland | 3.2% |
United Arab Emirates | 3.2% |
Tajikistan | 1.4% |
Hong Kong SAR, China | 1.4% |
Afghanistan | 0.8% |
Belarus | 0.8% |
Germany | 0.7% |
Italy | 0.6% |
Serbia | 0.5% |
Belgium | 0.4% |
Georgia | 0.4% |
Ukraine | 0.4% |
Syria | 0.3% |
Bulgaria | 0.3% |
See More Countries | 21.7% |
Main Suppliers (% of Imports) |
2021 |
---|---|
Russia | 32.8% |
China | 26.8% |
Kazakhstan | 12.0% |
Türkiye | 5.9% |
Uzbekistan | 5.8% |
United States | 1.8% |
Germany | 1.1% |
South Korea | 1.0% |
Ukraine | 1.0% |
Belarus | 0.9% |
Canada | 0.9% |
India | 0.8% |
France | 0.7% |
Lithuania | 0.6% |
Turkmenistan | 0.6% |
Vietnam | 0.5% |
Italy | 0.5% |
Iran | 0.5% |
Poland | 0.4% |
Georgia | 0.4% |
See More Countries | 16.7% |
Source: Comtrade, Latest Available Data
Source: Comtrade, Latest Available Data
To go further, check out our service Import Export Flows
1.1 bn USD of services exported in 2019 | |
---|---|
59.44% | |
Personal travelPersonal travel | 33.88% |
Business travelBusiness travel | 25.56% |
24.92% | |
7.37% | |
4.53% | |
1.36% | |
1.36% | |
0.65% | |
0.22% | |
0.10% | |
0.07% |
1.0 bn USD of services imported in 2019 | |
---|---|
44.49% | |
38.31% | |
Business travelBusiness travel | 20.30% |
Personal travelPersonal travel | 18.00% |
5.38% | |
4.52% | |
2.28% | |
1.71% | |
1.47% | |
0.77% | |
0.59% | |
0.49% |
Source: United Nations Statistics Division, Latest Available Data
Member of Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC)
Member of Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC)
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Latest Update: February 2023
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