Zimbabwe: Operating a Business

Setting Up a Company

Private Limited Company (PLC): Number of partners: Maximum 50 members
Capital (max/min): no minimum capital required
Shareholders and liability: Limited liability of shareholders depending on their share
Limited Liability Company: Number of partners: at least one shareholder and one director
Capital (max/min): no minimum capital required
Shareholders and liability: Limited liability of shareholders depending on their share
Sole proprietorship: Number of partners: One individual
Capital (max/min): no minimum capital required
Shareholders and liability: Unique, unlimited liability
Company Limited by Guarantee: Number of partners: Generally restricted to 20 members
Capital (max/min): no minimum capital required
Shareholders and liability: each member must sign a declaration of guarantee, specifying the amount he undertakes to contribute. If the assets of the company are insufficient to cover its liabilities, the liability of its members is limited to the amount guaranteed

Setting Up a Company	Zimbabwe	Sub-Saharan Africa
Procedures (number)	9.0	7.5
Time (days)	27.0	21.3

Source: Doing Business.

Business Setup Procedures: Consult Doing Business Website, to know about procedures to start a Business in Zimbabwe.

	2018	2019	2020
Labour Force	6,908,600	7,037,039	6,985,536

Source: International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database

Source: International Labour Organization, ILOSTAT database

For Further Statistics: Bureau of Statistics
For Further Information About the Labour Market: ILO Working Paper, Study of the International Labor Organization

Legal Weekly Duration: The law does not provide for standard working hours per week, but it stipulates that employees are entitled to 24 consecutive hours of rest per week. The maximum work hours per week are negotiated between the unions and employees in each sector. It is forbidden to work more than 12 consecutive hours.
Retirement Age: 60 years
Working Contracts: A work contract does not have to be written. If the working time is not mentioned, it is considered permanent. Casual work is considered permanent the day on which the period of work exceeds a total of six weeks during four consecutive months.
Labour Laws: Consult Doing Business Website, to obtain a summary of the labor regulations that apply to businesses.

Minimum Wage: Minimum wage varies according to the sector: US$296/month in the public sector, US$238 in the mining sector, US$65 for agricultural laborers.
Average Wage: An average wage is around US$253 per month.
Social Contributions: Social Security Contributions Paid By Employers: 3.5%
Social Security Contributions Paid By Employees: 3.5%

Social Dialogue and Involvement of Social Partners: Collective bargaining takes place through the National Employment Council in each industry, which is composed of representatives of workers, employers and the government. The right to form or join a union, to strike or bargain collectively is generally not respected; the government habitually harasses trade unions and their leaders, and makes efforts to prevent and suppress demonstrations.
Labour Unions: Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions (ZCTU)
Commercial Farmers Union of Zimbabwe
Unionisation Rate: The rate of unionization is 13.9% according to the ILO.
Labour Regulation Bodies: Ministry of Public Service, Labour and Social Protection

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